Benzodiazepines, often known as “benzos,” are among the most commonly prescribed medications in the United States for treating anxiety, insomnia, and muscle spasms. However, misuse is increasingly widespread, both through prescriptions and on the street.
According to the CDC, nearly 12,000 overdose deaths in 2021 involved benzodiazepines, highlighting the dangers associated with these drugs. This article looks at what benzos are, why they can be addictive, how benzo overdose occurs, and how to find good treatment.
What Are Benzodiazepines?
Benzodiazepines are central nervous system depressants that help reduce anxiety, relax muscles, and improve sleep. Commonly prescribed benzos include:
- Xanax (alprazolam)
- Valium (diazepam)
- Klonopin (clonazepam)
- Ativan (lorazepam)
- Librium (chlordiazepoxide)
- Restoril (temazepam)
These medications are intended for short-term use due to their addictive potential. However, benzos are also widely available on the street, often sold under nicknames like “bars” or “zannies,” making misuse even more accessible and dangerous.
Why Are Benzos So Addictive?
Benzos are highly addictive due to the way they interact with the brain. These drugs increase the effects of a neurotransmitter called GABA, which has a calming influence on the brain. Over time, the brain begins to rely on this external calming source, leading to both physical and psychological dependence. As a person continues to use benzos, they may develop a tolerance, meaning they need higher doses to feel the same effect—this can quickly lead to misuse.
The risk of dependency is high when people get benzos without a prescription. Street versions often have unknown doses. They may also be mixed with other substances. This increases the chances of addiction and overdose.
Also, people may start to think they “need” benzos to handle daily stress or sleep. This belief makes their dependence on the drug even stronger.
Why Are Benzos Prescribed If They’re Addictive?
Prescribed benzodiazepines are effective for short-term relief, particularly for individuals experiencing severe anxiety or panic attacks. When carefully prescribed and monitored, the benefits can outweigh the risks. However, with extended use, the risk of dependence increases.
Unfortunately, some people buy benzos on the street to self-medicate or deal with growing tolerance. This can lead to misuse and overdose.
How Does a Benzo Overdose Happen?
Benzo overdose occurs when the body cannot safely process the amount of the drug taken. This can happen from a single large dose or repeated doses over a short period. Since benzos depress the central nervous system, an overdose can result in dangerous symptoms like slowed breathing, decreased heart rate, and loss of consciousness.
Combining benzos with other depressants, such as alcohol or opioids, is particularly dangerous and can lead to respiratory depression, a common cause of fatal overdose.
Signs of a Benzo Overdose
If you suspect a benzo overdose, watch for the following symptoms:
- Extreme drowsiness or confusion
- Slurred speech and loss of coordination
- Slow or irregular breathing
- Bluish lips or fingertips
- Loss of consciousness or coma
Immediate medical attention is essential in the event of an overdose.
Benzo Overdose Statistics
Statistics highlight the growing risk of benzo misuse and overdose:
- According to the CDC, benzo overdose deaths have significantly increased over the past decade, especially when combined with opioids.
- Nearly 30% of opioid overdoses also involve benzodiazepines, underscoring the danger of polydrug use.
These numbers show the urgent need for awareness and support. We must help people avoid the dangers of benzo misuse and overdose.
Treatment for Benzo Overdose and Addiction
Treating a benzo overdose begins with immediate medical intervention to stabilize vital functions. In some cases, a benzo antagonist, like flumazenil, may be used to counteract the drug’s effects. However, overcoming Benzo addiction requires a comprehensive, long-term approach that includes detox, therapy, and ongoing support to address both the physical and psychological aspects of recovery.
Recovery involves addressing dependency while equipping individuals with tools to manage cravings, avoid triggers, and build healthier habits. Detoxification is often the first step, helping the body adjust to life without benzodiazepines, followed by therapeutic support to tackle the underlying causes of dependency.
At Scottsdale Providence Recovery Center, we provide compassionate, evidence-based care to help individuals overcome benzo dependence. Our treatment programs focus on personalized recovery plans, detox support, counseling, and relapse prevention strategies to empower individuals on their path to a healthier, substance-free life.
If you or someone you know is struggling with Benzo addiction, contact us today to learn how we can support your journey to recovery. A brighter future is within reach with the right support.